Objective  To analyze the current status of knowledge, attitude, and behavior (KAP) of doctors and pharmacists regarding iodine contrast agent allergic reactions in medical institutions in China and the influencing factors, to provide reference for the treatment of iodine contrast agent allergic patients.

Methods  A questionnaire survey on iodine contrast agent allergic reactions was conducted among doctors and pharmacists in China using a self-designed questionnaire. The questionnaire was distributed online via WeChat and the participants were anonymous and voluntary. The scores of knowledge, attitude, and behavior of medical staff of different genders, departments, and titles were statistically analyzed. Wilcoxon rank sum test and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the influencing factors.

Results  A total of 105 doctors and pharmacists from 19 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities participated in the survey, completing 105 valid questionnaires. The knowledge score (out of 4 points), attitude score (out of 3 points), and behavior score (out of 3 points) of doctors and pharmacists regarding contrast agent allergy reactions were 2 (1, 2) points, 1 (0, 2) points, and 1 (1, 2) points, respectively. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that job title is a factor affecting the knowledge score. Compared to those with primary and below titles, senior title doctors and pharmacists had higher knowledge scores (P=0.007). Educational level is a influence factor affecting the attitude score. Compared to those with undergraduate and below educational levels, doctors and pharmacists with doctoral degrees had more positive attitudes (P=0.011). Attitude score is a influence factor affecting the behavior score, the more positive the attitude, the more positive the behavior (P=0.015).

Conclusion  The knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of doctors and pharmacists regarding contrast agent allergy reactions need to be strengthened. Training should be conducted for doctors and pharmacists, taking into account the KAP differences among individuals with different job titles and educational levels, to enhance knowledge levels and actively explore safe and effective desensitization treatment methods for patients with contrast agent allergies. The use of iodinated contrast agents should be rationalized while ensuring patient safety.

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