A patient with a history of sulfonamide allergy and dermatomyositis was admitted to the hospital due to secondary infection. After admission, a comprehensive examination confirmed the presence of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) along with cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Klebsiella pneumoniae infections. Clinical pharmacists actively participated in the treatment process by referring to relevant clinical guidelines. For patients with Pneumocystis jirovecii infection, compound sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) should be considered as the primary choice, while desensitization treatment is recommended for those with a history of sulfonamide allergy. Prior to treatment, the patient had pre-existing liver insufficiency and was on long-term glucocorticoid therapy, with complex medications. The clinical pharmacists provided individualized pharmaceutical care for this case, assisting clinicians in formulating scientifically and reasonably tailored drug treatment plans. They also offered new insights and references for selecting appropriate drugs considering the patient's previous sulfonamide allergies. After sulfonamide desensitization, the patients were administered a combination of TMP-SMX and carpofungin for anti-PJP treatment, along with ganciclovir for anti-CMV treatment, resulting in favorable therapeutic outcomes.

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