Study on the mechanism of pterostilbene on osseointegration of dental implants in osteoporotic rats

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Author: Ya-Mei FENG ¹  Peng YANG ² Hai-Jiao ZHAO ¹

Affiliation: 1. Department of Prosthodontics, Handan Stomatological Hospital, Handan 056001, Hebei Province, China 2. Department of Implantology, Handan Stomatological Hospital, Handan 056001, Hebei Province, China

Keywords: Pterostilbene Osteoporosis Dental implants Osseointegration

DOI: 10.19960/j.issn.1005-0698.202306008

Reference: Ya-Mei FENG, Peng YANG, Hai-Jiao ZHAO.Study on the mechanism of pterostilbene on osseointegration of dental implants in osteoporotic rats[J].Yaowu Liuxingbingxue Zazhi,2023, 32(6): 662-670.DOI: 10.19960/j.issn.1005-0698.202306008.[Article in Chinese]  Copied

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Abstract

Objective To explore the effect of pterostilbene on the osseointegration of dental implants in rats with osteoporosis and its possible mechanism.

Methods A osteoporotic rat model was estab-lished by castration, and dental implants were implanted after successful modeling. Rats with suc-cessful dental implants were randomly divided into model group, pterostilbene low (20 mg·kg^-1), medium (40 mg·kg^-1) and high (80 mg·kg^-1) doses groups with 12 in each group. Another 12 rats without castration were taken as the sham operation group. All dose groups of pterostilbene were given by gavage, and the model group and sham operation group were given the same volume of normal saline, once a day for 12 weeks. The bone tissue analysis of the implanted area was performed using a micro-CT scanner. Methylene blue-acid fuchsin staining was used to observe the morphological changes and bone healing of the implanted area. A torque tester was used to measure the bone dis-location torque at the implant site. Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expressions of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin 1β (IL^-1β) in the bone tissue of the implanted area. Western blot method was used to detect the protein expressions of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) in bone tissue of implanted area.

Results Compared with the sham operation group, the implants in the model group were not tightly inte-grated with the femur, the bone plate at the joint was thinner, the trabecular bone gap was large, and the number was small; femoral trabecular bone volume ratio (BV/TV), trabecular number (Tb.N) and osseointegrationindex (OI), implant osseointegration rate, bone mass and dislocation torque in can-cellous bone area were obviously decreased (P<0.05), trabecular separation (Tb.Sp) was obviously in-creased (P<0.05), the expressions of TNF-α and IL^-1β in the bone tissue of the implanted area were obviously increased (P<0.05), and the expressions of BMP-2 and Runx2 were obviously decreased (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the osseointegration of the rat implants in all dose groups of pterostilbene became tighter, the number of trabecular bone gradually increased, the gap became smaller, and the bone plate thickened; femoral BV/TV, Tb.N, OI, implant osseointegration rate, bone mass and dislocation torque in cancellous bone area were obviously increased (P<0.05), Tb.Sp was obviously decreased (P<0.05), the expressions of TNF-α and IL^-1β in the bone tissue of the implanted area were obviously decreased (P<0.05), and the expressions of BMP-2 and Runx2 were obviously increased (P<0.05), and there were statistically significant differences in the above indexes among different dose groups (P<0.05).

Conclusion Pterostilbene can reduce the inflammatory response caused by osteoporosis, up-regulate the expressions of osteogenic factors BMP-2 and Runx2, and has a good promotion effect on the osseointegration of dental implants in the state of osteoporosis.

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