Objective  To evaluate the application status of budesonide suspension for inhalation (BSI) in Chinese children.

Methods  The PubMed, Embase (Ovid), CNKI, WanFang Data, VIP and SinoMed databases were electronically searched to collect observational studies on the use of BSI in Chinese children from inception to December 31, 2022. Two researchers independently screened literature, extracted data and evaluated the risk of bias of included studies. The diseases, solution for nebulization and the proportion of BSI in prescriptions were calculated, including the proportion of BSI in the total prescriptions of therapeutic drugs (P1), nebulizing solution prescriptions (P2), and glucocorticoid prescriptions (P3). The proportion were divided into two subgroups of all diseases (subgroup A) and respiratory diseases (subgroup B) for cumulative Meta-analysis.

Results  A total of 46 studies were included. BSI was used to treat 26 kinds of diseases. The top 3 diseases included asthma (26.74%), bronchiolitis (23.01%) and pneumonia (16.52%). A total of 11 kinds of solution for nebulization were used in combination with BSI. The top 3 solutions included terbutaline (34.05%), compound ipratropium bromide (18.40%) and interferon (14.08%). The cumulative P1 in subgroup A increased from 3.4% (95%CI 2.4% to 4.8%) in 2011 to 5.8% (95%CI 4.3% to 7.8%) in 2019, and the cumulative P1 in subgroup B increased from 54.3% (95%CI 53.1% to 55.5%) in 2011 to 86.2% (95%CI 71.5% to 93.9%) in 2018. The cumulative P2 in subgroup A was 99.9% (95%CI 99.7% to 100.0%) in 2019, and the cumulative P2 in subgroup B decreased from 99.0% (95%CI 98.6% to 99.3%) in 2011 to 84.6% (95%CI 75.0% to 90.9%) in 2019. The cumulative P3 in subgroup A increased from 12.9% (95%CI 0.7% to 76.1%) in 2012 to 43.7% (95%CI 31.8% to 56.3%) in 2019, and the cumulative P3 in subgroup B was 56.5% (95%CI 44.7% to 67.6%) in 2012. The meta-regression results indicated that the prescription year and the level of medical institution may be sources of heterogeneity.

Conclusion  The proportion of BSI in Chinese children is high and increasing year by year, and the problem of off-label use is serious.

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