Objective  To compare the relative percentages of volatile components of Taraxacum mongolicum, Prunella vulgaris L. and their medicinal pairs, and to explore the significance of the pairing of Taraxacum mongolicum and Prunella vulgaris L..

Methods Headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to analyze the volatile components of Taraxacum mongolicum, Prunella vulgaris L. and their medicinal pairs. The relative percentages of each volatile component were calculated by area normalization method and subjected to principal component analysis.

Results  The combination of Taraxacum mongolicum and Prunella vulgaris L. resulted in the addition of 12 new ingredients and an increase in the total volatile content. Differences in the combined scores of Taraxacum mongolicum, Prunella vulgaris L. and their medicinal pairs were obtained by principal component analysis.

Conclusion  There were differences in the volatile components and contents of single herbs and their medicinal pairs before and after the combination of Taraxacum mongolicum and Prunella vulgaris L.. From the changes of volatile components, it is presumed that Taraxacum mongolicum and Prunella vulgaris L. have some synergistic effect after combining.

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