Objective  To evaluate the efficacy, safety and cost-effectiveness of dorzagliatin in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus using a rapid health technology assessment, and to provide medical evidence for clinical decision-making.

Methods  PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang Data, SinoMed and relevant health technology assessment (HTA) websites and databases were searched to collect systematic reviews/Meta-analysis, pharmacoeconomic literature and HTA reports of dorzagliatin in the treatment of type 2 diabetes from inception to July 20, 2024. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted date and assessed quality. The results were qualitatively described and analyzed.

Results  A total of 6 studies were included, including 5 systematic reviews /Meta-analysis and a pharmacoeconomic study. In terms of efficacy compared with placebo, dorzagliatin significantly reduced glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose, 2-hour postprandial blood glucose and insulin resistance index (P<0.05), improved HbA1c compliance rate in terms of safety, dorzagliatin, and enhanced homeostasis model assessment-β (P<0.05), significantly increased total cholesterol, triglyceride, body weight and body mass index (P<0.05). In terms of safety, the total incidence of adverse reactions of dorzagliatin was slightly higher than that of the placebo group (P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the incidence of severe adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0.05), and there was no significant increase in the incidence of hyperlipidemia and hypoglycemia (P>0.05). In terms of economy, the treatment of dorzagliatin combined with metformin has a long-term cost-utility advantage, with an economic probability of nearly 70%.

Conclusion  Compared with placebo, dorzagliatin has a good overall efficacy and safety in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. In terms of safety, the total incidence of adverse reactions of dorzagliatin was slightly higher than that of placebo. In terms of economy, compared with metformin alone, dorzagliatin combined with metformin has economic advantages. However, there is a lack of head-to-head comparisons of doxorubicin with other classes of glucose-lowering medications, and none of the included studies described long-term cardiac, cerebral, or renal benefits, which limits the comprehensive evaluation of the efficacy and safety of dorzagliatin.

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