Objective  To explore the medication pattern of Chinese herbal compound patents for the treatment of influenza in the patent database of CNKI.

Methods  The Chinese herbal compound for treating influenza included in the patent database of CNKI from the inception to March 25, 2024 were searched, and the frequency of use and the properties, taste and attributive meridians of Chinese herbal compound that conformed to the screening standard were  analyzed by Microsoft Office Excel 2019 software. The Apriori algorithm of IBM SPSS Modeler 18.0 was used to analyze the association rules of the high frequency medicines. The factor analysis and cluster analysis of IBM SPSS Statistics 25.0 was applied to screen the core pairs and combinations of medicines. The drugs were analyzed by association rules. The high-frequency drugs were analyzed by factor analysis and cluster analysis using IBM SPSS Statistics 25.0, and the core pairs and drug combinations were screened out.

Results  A total of 451 Chinese herbal compound patents were included, involving 685 TCM flavors, with a total medication frequency of 4 469 times. The most frequently used Chinese medicines were, in order, honeysuckle, roasted licorice, forsythia, scutellaria baicalensis, panax quinquefolium, mint, etc. The medicinal properties were mainly cold, the medicinal taste was mainly bitter, and the attributive meridians were mostly attributed to the lung meridian. The core drug combinations include honeysuckle-forsythia-baked licorice, forsythia-burdock-honeysuckle, etc. The core drug pairs and common drug combinations for the treatment of influenza were obtained.

Conclusion  Chinese herbal compound patents in the treatment of influenza mostly uses bitter and cold products, and the main treatment principle is to clear heat and detoxify toxins, taking into account the treatments of dispersing wind-heat, relieving epidemiological cold, transforming dampness and awakening the spleen, and benefiting qi to consolidate the epidemiology, etc. The excavation of the core pairs of medicines and combinations of medicines has provided a wider range of ideas for a better treatment of influenza and for the research and development of new medicines.

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