Objective  To evaluate the efficacy, safety and economy of teriparatide in the treatment of osteoporosis.

Methods  PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, WanFang Data, VIP databases and websites related to health technology evaluation were systematically searched to collect high-quality clinical evidence and economic evaluation literature of teriparatide in the treatment of osteoporosis from the inception to January 20, 2023. Two researchers independently identified studies, extracted data, assessed the quality of included studies, and descriptive analyzed and summarised the results.

Results  A total of 25 literatures were included, involving 3 HTA reports, 15 systematic review/Meta-analyses and 7 economic studies were included. In terms of effectiveness, the evaluation results showed that teriparatide could improve bone mineral density in patients with osteoporosis, reduce the incidence of vertebral/non-vertebral fractures in primary and secondary osteoporosis and prevent the fractures in postmenopausal osteoporosis compared to bisphosphonates and placebos. In terms of safety, teriparatide was proven to be safe with no elevated risk of adverse drug reactions. In terms of economic cost, teriparatide has a higher cost and economic disadvantage compared with bisphosphonates, however, for people with severe postmenopausal osteoporosis and high risk of fracture, teriparatide can be considered as a potential cost-effect treatment option.

Conclusion  Teriparatide is effective and safe in the treatment of osteoporosis, but it is not cost-effective advantages compared with the existing other anti-osteoporosis medications.

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