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Home Articles Vol 35,2026 No.5 Detail

Visualization analysis of off-label drug use of Chinese patent medicine based on CiteSpace software

Published on May. 28, 2026Total Views: 68 times Total Downloads: 19 times Download Mobile

Author: SONG Yifei 1 WANG Hui 2 YANG Wenbao 2 CHEN Xin 3 JIA Shengwei 4 ZHANG Huiyue 5

Affiliation: 1. Clinical Pharmaceutics Room, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Ophthalmology Hospital, Jinan 250001, China 2. Department of Pharmacy, Jinan Shizhong District People's Hospital, Jinan 250001, China 3. Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250001, China 4. Department of Pharmacy, Neck, Shoulder, Waist and Leg Pain Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250002, China 5. Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Second Provincial General Hospital, Jinan 250000, China

Keywords: Chinese patent medicine Off-label use Bibliometrics Visual analysis Rational drug use

DOI: 10.12173/j.issn.1005-0698.202508017

Reference: Song YF, Wang H, Yang WB, et al. Visualization analysis of off-label drug use of Chinese patent medicine based on CiteSpace software[J]. Chinese Journal of Pharmacoepidemiology, 2026, 35(5): 563-570. DOI: 10.12173/j.issn.1005-0698.202508017. [Article in Chinese]

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Abstract

Objective  To explore the current research status, research hotspots and future research directions of off-label use of Chinese patent medicine.

Methods  Related literature reports on off-label drug use of Chinese patent medicine published before July 2025 were retrieved from CNKI, WanFang, VIP database, and PubMed, then CiteSpace 6.4.R1 was used to make a visual analysis of the issue time, author, institution, keywords, literature type and other aspects.

Results  A total of 58 relevant articles were ultimately included, the earliest of which was published in 2006; 182 scholars and 84 institutions contributed to research in this field, with the articles primarily published in 37 journals. The literature on off-label use of Chinese patent medicine involved 78 keywords, with "rational drug use" being the most frequently occurring and clustering keyword. The literature was divided into six main types: hospital medication data analysis, literature data analysis of off-label use, expert consensus on off-label use, clinical research on off-label use, literature review on off-label use, and other types.

Conclusion  The current research in the field of off-label use of Chinese patent medicines remains weak, characterized by a minimal number of publications, highly con-centrated geographical distribution, and predominantly single-center retro-spective prescription analyses, lacking high-quality clinical efficacy and safety evidence. Systematic research framework and management standards have yet to be established in this field, urgently requiring a shift from "phenomenon description" to "evidence construction". Multicenter collaborative research and the development of a characteristic evidence-based evaluation system of traditional Chinese medicine should be encouraged to promote rational clinical medication.

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