Objective  To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of edaravone dexborneol versus edaravone alone combined with conventional therapy in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS).

Methods  From the perspective of the healthcare systems, a decision tree model was constructed using the data from the randomized double-blind comparative trial of edaravone dexborneol in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke (TASTE trial). Cost-utility analysis was used to evaluate the health benefits of edaravone dexborneol at 1 month and 5 years. The robustness of the results was tested by single factor sensitivity analysis and probability sensitivity analysis.

Results  For AIS patients, the 1-month incremental cost-utility ratio was 53 212.89 yuan /quality-adjusted life-year (QALY), and the 5-year incremental cost-utility ratio was 49 631.25 yuan /QALY, both of which were smaller than China's per capita GDP in 2022 (85 698 yuan). Univariate sensitivity analysis showed that the change of NIHSS score in 2 groups of improved patients, the probability of improvement in 2 groups and the probability of deterioration in edaravone group were the most influential factors on the outcome of incremental cost effectiveness. The results of probabilistic sensitivity analysis showed that edaravone dexcborneol was more economical when WTP was 1 times China's per capita GDP in 2022.

Conclusion  Edaravon dexborneol is a more effective and economical treatment for acute ischemic stroke patients than edaravone alone.

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