Objective  To analyze the drug resistance and antimicrobial use of neonatal sepsis caused by enterobacteriaceae, and to provide reference for clinical medication.

Methods  A retrospective analysis was made on the patients with sepsis and in blood culture of neonates hospitalized in the neonatal department of Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from January 2020 to December 2021. The general clinical characteristics, pathogenic bacteria, drug sensitivity test results, enzyme production types, treatment plans and clinical outcomes of the neonatus were collected and analyzed.

Results  A total of 30 neonates with sepsis caused by enterobacteriaceae infection were collected. The main pathogens were Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The main resistance mechanism of Escherichia coli was carbapenem resistance, and it mainly produces class B metals β-lactamase type and the main treatment regimen was aztreonam monotherapy. The main drug resistance mechanism of Klebsiella pneumoniae was producing broad spectrum β-lactamase, the main therapeutic drug was carbapenem antibiotics, and the neonates who received treatment had achieved good therapeutic effects.

Conclusion  Carbapenem resistant Escherichia coli is recommended to be treated with aztreonam, Klebsiella pneumoniae with extended spectrum β lactamase is preferentially given carbapenems. This study can provide drug reference for neonates with sepsis caused by multi-drug resistant enterobacteriaceae.

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