A 50-year-old male patient diagnosed with extensive stage small cell lung cancer was treated with pamiparib in combination with temozolomide. Five days later, the patient developed fever with fatigue. After 10 days, the patient stopped taking the drug due to worsening symptoms and was diagnosed with chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression (grade 4). The clinicist evaluated the patient's condition and assessed the association of adverse reactions using the Naranjo’s evaluation scale, and concluded that myelosuppression may be induced by the combination of pamiparib and temozolomide. After symptomatic treatment, the patient's myelosuppression recovered completely. This article discusses the correlation between myelosuppression and the combination of the two drugs, provides treatment measures for this situation, briefly describes the risk factors of myelosuppression, treatment and prevention, and guides medical personnel to adjust the treatment plan in time according to different individuals in the process of using similar programs, and strengthens the monitoring and education of adverse drug reactions, so as to provide references for safe drug use.

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